Routing and Switching

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Routes

Routes are the backbone for most of the internet. It is a system of costs that help manage where traffic is supposed to go. Even for many in computers, the whole internet itself seems like a hard target. This is an illusion.

All it takes is for one computer to have a bad route or not be on the same page to mess up things. As one of my teachers put it, Pakistan made the mistake of blacklisting Youtube by black holing the domain. This works, but if you set the "cost" too low and your computers share that route with the whole world, suddenly the whole world tries to go through Pakistan to get to Youtube because the cost is low. Youtube is of course blacklisted in Pakistan.

  • ip route [Incoming IP] [Incoming Subnet] [Outgoing Interface] [Next Hop Address] [Distance/Cost]

0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.19.114.1 10.19.114.81 35 10.19.114.0 255.255.255.0 On-link 10.19.114.81 291 10.19.114.81 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.19.114.81 291 10.19.114.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.19.114.81 291 127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 331 127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 331 127.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 331 192.168.56.0 255.255.255.0 On-link 192.168.56.1 281 192.168.56.1 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.56.1 281 192.168.56.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.56.1 281 192.168.126.0 255.255.255.0 On-link 192.168.126.1 291 192.168.126.1 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.126.1 291 192.168.126.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.126.1 291 192.168.154.0 255.255.255.0 On-link 192.168.154.1 291 192.168.154.1 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.154.1 291 192.168.154.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.154.1 291 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 331 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 192.168.56.1 281 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 192.168.126.1 291 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 192.168.154.1 291 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 10.19.114.81 291 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 331 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.56.1 281 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.126.1 291 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.154.1 291 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.19.114.81 291

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